8,479 research outputs found
Grille spectrometer (grille)
The Grille spectrometer was designed and flown on Spaceklab 1 by two organizations: The Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales in France and the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy in Belgium. Its purpose is to study, on a global scale, atmospheric parameters between 15 and 150 km altitude. The investigation uses high-resolution (better than 0.1/cm) spectroscopic observations of the earth's limb in the wavelength range characteristic of the vibrational-rotational lines of the relevant atmospheric constituents. Characteristics and proposed modifications of the grille spectrometer are described. This instrument will be part of the atmospheric science research payload flown on the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS 1) NASA mission planned for late 1990
Dual use of budgeting in uncertainty contexts: Explorative study of senior sales and marketing managers
Based on prior accounting literature and Simons’ framework (1990, 1995), the authors explore the use of budgets in PEU situations in a qualitative study. They conducted a field-based study and interviewed 14 senior sales and marketing managers from various industries, using projective techniques imported from psychological research.budgeting; uncertainty; perceived environmental uncertainty (PEU); interactive control system (ICS); sales and marketing managers
From vertex detectors to inner trackers with CMOS pixel sensors
The use of CMOS Pixel Sensors (CPS) for high resolution and low material
vertex detectors has been validated with the 2014 and 2015 physics runs of the
STAR-PXL detector at RHIC/BNL. This opens the door to the use of CPS for inner
tracking devices, with 10-100 times larger sensitive area, which require
therefore a sensor design privileging power saving, response uniformity and
robustness. The 350 nm CMOS technology used for the STAR-PXL sensors was
considered as too poorly suited to upcoming applications like the upgraded
ALICE Inner Tracking System (ITS), which requires sensors with one order of
magnitude improvement on readout speed and improved radiation tolerance. This
triggered the exploration of a deeper sub-micron CMOS technology, Tower-Jazz
180 nm, for the design of a CPS well adapted for the new ALICE-ITS running
conditions. This paper reports the R&D results for the conception of a CPS well
adapted for the ALICE-ITS.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, VCI 2016 conference proceeding
Interface Engineering to Create a Strong Spin Filter Contact to Silicon
Integrating epitaxial and ferromagnetic Europium Oxide (EuO) directly on
silicon is a perfect route to enrich silicon nanotechnology with spin filter
functionality.
To date, the inherent chemical reactivity between EuO and Si has prevented a
heteroepitaxial integration without significant contaminations of the interface
with Eu silicides and Si oxides.
We present a solution to this long-standing problem by applying two
complementary passivation techniques for the reactive EuO/Si interface:
() an hydrogen-Si passivation and () the
application of oxygen-protective Eu monolayers --- without using any additional
buffer layers.
By careful chemical depth profiling of the oxide-semiconductor interface via
hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, we show how to systematically minimize
both Eu silicide and Si oxide formation to the sub-monolayer regime --- and how
to ultimately interface-engineer chemically clean, heteroepitaxial and
ferromagnetic EuO/Si in order to create a strong spin filter contact to
silicon.Comment: 11 pages of scientific paper, 10 high-resolution color figures.
Supplemental information on the thermodynamic problem available (PDF).
High-resolution abstract graphic available (PNG). Original research (2016
An integrative clustering approach combining particle swarm optimization and formal concept analysis
Measurement of the νμ energy spectrum with IceCube-79
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.IceCube is a neutrino observatory deployed in the glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. The νμ energy unfolding described in this paper is based on data taken with IceCube in its 79-string configuration. A sample of muon neutrino charged-current interactions with a purity of 99.5% was selected by means of a multivariate classification process based on machine learning. The subsequent unfolding was performed using the software truee. The resulting spectrum covers an Eν-range of more than four orders of magnitude from 125 GeV to 3.2 PeV. Compared to the Honda atmospheric neutrino flux model, the energy spectrum shows an excess of more than 1.9σ in four adjacent bins for neutrino energies Eν≥177.8TeV. The obtained spectrum is fully compatible with previous measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux and recent IceCube measurements of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos
Percepção de incongruências no contorno entonacional de frases e de melodias por crianças com, ou sem, treino musical
A prosódia está relacionada com a materialização da linguagem enquanto estímulo acústico. Constituem
aspectos da prosódia a entoação, o ritmo, a intensidade e as pausas linguísticas (Ladefoged, 1982). Alguns
destes aspectos são comuns à música. No caso da entoação da fala, esta é análoga à melodia em música. A
prosódia de uma frase falada e a melodia de um trecho musical apresentam componentes estruturais muito
semelhantes.
O presente estudo aborda esta questão do ponto de vista psicológico. Trata-se de um estudo sobre a
percepção de melodias e de prosódia, realizado no seguimento de Schön et al (2002), cuja problemática está
centrada no contorno da frequência fundamental ( fo) da entoação em fala e da melodia em música. Pretendese
averiguar se há ou não uma correlação entre a percepção prosódica e a percepção melódica; e se a
aprendizagem musical pode potenciar o desenvolvimento da capacidade de percepção prosódica,
nomeadamente no que diz respeito ao contorno entonacional. A metodologia empregue é comportamental
(medida dos tempos de reacção, percentagem de repostas correctas e sensibilidade, d’). Os participantes do
estudo são dois grupos de crianças do 4.º ano de escolaridade: um com aprendizagem musical desde o 1.º ano
de escolaridade e outro sem aprendizagem musical formal. Os resultados indicaram que não existem
diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos de crianças. Contudo, as crianças com melhor performance na
tarefa musical, independentemente do grupo a que pertencem, são as que têm melhor performance na tarefa
de linguagem. Este facto pode ser indicador de uma predisposição musical que pode influenciar o
desenvolvimento da percepção das características entonacionais da linguagem
Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector
We report on the observation of a deficit in the cosmic ray flux from the directions of the Moon and Sun with five years of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Between 2010 May and 2011 May the IceCube detector operated with 79 strings deployed in the glacial ice at the South Pole, and with 86 strings between 2011 May and 2015 May. A binned analysis is used to measure the relative deficit and significance of the cosmic ray shadows. Both the cosmic ray Moon and Sun shadows are detected with high statistical significance (>10σ) for each year. The results for the Moon shadow are consistent with previous analyses and verify the stability of the IceCube detector over time. This work represents the first observation of the Sun shadow with the IceCube detector. We show that the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun varies with time. These results make it possible to study cosmic ray transport near the Sun with future data from IceCube
Let's face the music: A behavioral and electrophysiological exploration of score reading
This experiment was carried out to determine whether reading diatonic violations in a musical score elicits similar endogenous ERP components when hearing such violations in the auditory modality. In the behavioral study, musicians were visually presented with 120 scores of familiar musical pieces, half of which contained a diatonic violation. The score was presented in a measure-by-measure manner. Self-paced reading was significantly delayed for measures containing a violation, indicating that sight reading a violation requires additional effort. In the ERP study, the musical phrases were presented in a “RSVP”-like manner. We predicted that diatonic violations would elicit a late positive component. However, the ERP associated with the measure where a violation was presented showed a negativity instead. The negativity started around 100 ms and lasted for the entire recording period. This long-lasting negativity encompassed at least three distinct effects that were possibly related to violation detection, working memory processing, and a further integration/interpretation process
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